英语语法分析

We know pain is — of others is aversive for chimpanzees and we know this in certain ways.

我们知道黑猩猩也讨厌其他黑猩猩的痛苦，这是非常确定的。

During our evolutionary past, animals could have represented either predator (aversive) or prey (rewarding).

在人类的进化过程中，动物则代表着捕食者(厌恶)或者猎物(收获)，它们两者的关系息息相关。

The difference is in positive reinforcement you do something; in negative reinforcement you take away something aversive.

区别就是，在正强化中你接受某种刺激，而在负强化中你回避了某种厌恶刺激。